Policy recommendations
- Coordinated and cross-sectoral action is urgently needed to improve landscape resilience in the Mediterranean, a highly climate-sensitive region facing droughts, wildfires and land degradation. This demands policy coherence and coordination across sectors and along geographical, administrative and governance scales.
- The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and related EU frameworks must explicitly address Mediterranean landscape challenges through result-based and locally adapted measures. In addition, non-EU countries could adapt from the CAP.
- Two-way EU–non-EU cooperation is essential to align governance, legislation and knowledge sharing for coherent and sustainable forest and landscape management. Knowledge sharing of climate challenge solutions from South to North needs particular emphasis.
- Digital innovation, strong extension services, and the empowerment of women, youth and local communities are key to scaling sustainable practices and adaptive management.
- Innovative and well-coordinated financing, including public–private partnerships and ecosystem service payments, is needed to secure long-term investment, improve access, reduce duplication and enhance the impact of landscape initiatives.