Deliberative valuation is not one particular valuation method, but it is a valuation paradigm (Raymond et al. 2014) providing a framework to combine various tools and techniques that bridges citizens and academia as well as different disciplines within science. Deliberative valuation invites stakeholders and citizens (the general public) to form their preferences for ecosystem services together through an open dialogue, which allows consideration of ethical beliefs, moral commitments and social norms beyond individual and collective utility (Aldred 1997, Satterfield 2001, Wegner and Pascual 2011).
